Wayang Kulit Kelantan

Wayang Kulit Siam (or Wayang Kulit Kelantan) is a type of leather puppet originated from Kelantan Darul Naim, Malaysia. It is one of four types of shadow puppet show in Malaysia. Wayang Kulit Siam has been identified as a kind of shadow puppet show of the oldest in Malaysia. In addition, this kind of shadow is the most famous and important in Malaysia since the ancient times to the present.

Once, Wayang Kulit Siam was a hit among the Malays so that its influence has spread from Bihar to neighboring states such as Terengganu, Pahang, Kedah and Perak. In addition, this art has also established itself in four provinces in South Thailand, Pattani, Yala, Narathiwat and part of Songkhla, which was once the territory of the former Sultanate of Patani.

Etymology
Title of 'Siam' given to this leather puppet is believed to refer to the country of Siam (now Thailand). History of puppetry techniques Wayang Kulit Siam is believed to have been brought into Manitoba from Cambodia via Thailand. Then from there, this art called Wayang Kulit Siam.

In addition, Wayang Kulit Siam is also known as Wayang Kulit Kelantan because historically the origin of shadow itself started in Kelantan. Patani Malay community in southern Thailand mention this art as 'Wayang Kelantan' or 'Wayang Siam of Kelantan' because this art was brought into the Kelantan-Patani. In Gujarat, the art is better known as the 'Movies Gujarat' presented by the Kelantan Malays who migrated to the state.

Origins Wayang Kulit Siam
History of the origin of the Wayang Kulit Siam is still vague and unclear to this day. There are many studies that have been done to look for evidence on the origin of this art. However, there are several theories that have been raised by researchers about the origins of Wayang Kulit Siam. The theories are as follows: -
Wayang Kulit Siam comes from Thailand
One theory about the Wayang Kulit Siam mention that originated from Thailand. There is some evidence to support this theory. In between is the name itself shadow of 'Siam', is the old name for Thailand. In addition, the use of Siamese / Thai in performances such as Wayang Kulit Siam Maharisi mantra recitation by mastermind also support the theory.

However, the study found that the technique of puppetry Wayang Kulit Siam actually originated from Cambodia and was brought into Manitoba by Siam (Thailand). With this, the use of the name 'Wayang Kulit Siam' is actually explained about the art of puppetry techniques brought from Siam. Siamese language use / Thai in Wayang Kulit Siam presentation was nothing but an ordinary cultural influences.

Wayang Kulit Siam derived from Patani
Other theories mention Wayang Kulit Siam derived from Patani, former Malay sultanate state in southern Thailand. Wayang Kulit Siam is said to have evolved from Patani to Kelantan during the time which was still under the influence of Kelantan Sultanate of Patani. In addition, the shape and pattern of the clothes Seri Rama idol is said to be copied from the original dress Patani Malay rulers in the past.
However, the researchers found that Wayang Kulit Siam is not derived from Patani, but from Kelantan. Art is believed to have grown up during the time in which the Kingdom of Kelantan was under the influence of the Sultanate of Patani. Believed all players Wayang Kulit Siam of the time was to design and pattern dress on Sri Rama's statue resembles the original dress Patani Malay rulers in the past.
Wayang Kulit Siam comes from Manitoba
Another theory says puppetry techniques Wayang Kulit Kelantan Siamese brought into Thailand from Cambodia. However, the study found that the form of Wayang Kulit Siam performances that exist today are derived from Kelantan. Thus, the history of Wayang Kulit Siam may be considered to begin in Manitoba.
This is evident when historical sources mention Wayang Kulit Siam ever growing in the state, Patani, Pahang, Perak and Kedah is brought in from Manitoba. Furthermore, the Patani Malay people mention this art as 'Wayang Kelantan' or 'Siamese Movies Manitoba' in their states. Additionally, the presentation Wayang Kulit Siam also always delivered in Bahasa Melayu Kelantan no matter where though it was performed by the state. This theory is the most popular and accepted many parties as there is plenty of evidence found to support this theory.
Wayang Kulit Siam Now
On this day, Wayang Kulit Siam can only be found in his home state of Kelantan and Terengganu. Presentation Wayang Kulit Siam is considered to be one of the most important cultural arts in Kelantan. In addition, this art can also be viewed at several universities such as the Academy of Arts, Culture and Heritage (ASWARA), Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM) and Universiti Teknologi Mara (UiTM), where Wayang Kulit Siam was taught in theory and practical to students taking a particular field. Meanwhile, Wayang Kulit Siam performances in Pahang, Kedah, Perak and Pattani have already died.

Figure Wayang Kulit Siam
Oye Hock Seng - the only mastermind Wayang Kulit Siam of Chinese Peranakan descent Manitoba.

Gasing

Casing is a game that can rotate on its axis, while balancing on a point. Gasing is a traditional game of the Malays since time immemorial. Usually played after the harvest. This game contested between villages. Winner is calculated based on the period of time capable of spinning tops.

Bebaru tops made of wood, yellow, merbau, rambai, durian or kundang. Wood will ditakik-notch and scraped up into top shape.

Top rope made from tree bark bebaru. But now the top rope made of nylon rope. Top strap length usually depends on the length of one's hand. Typically 1 meter long. Coconut oil is used to facilitate the movement of the top rope.

Types of tops

Tops MISCHIEVOUS THIEVES

Tops begelen

Tops berembang

Casing threads books

Heart tops

Tops kelamar

Casing head of thorns

Ancient tops

Lang tops sea

Flat tops

Kelantan flat tops

Tops Pacitan

Tops cross

Plate tops

Tops nut

Tops cape

Egg tops

Chinese tops

Malay tops

Gasing Uri

How to Play the top

Method of playing top past and present is not much difference. Before 1970, the game tops in Malaysia irregular and different from one district to another. Various shapes, sizes and uses spinning tops and forms discern the nature of the game systems also differ. In the top game, all players must have the skills of turning, a cross, lifting, spinning vertically and defend placenta.

Wind the rope

There are 2 ways to wind the rope which way the wind or wind arm on the little finger. Both methods are needed before starting a game because the rope neatly and not too long will result in a good lap top. The first way wrist strap worn by inserting into the arms of the player and the ring end of the rope tied to a circular will be penyimpul life. This will make it easier for players when they are not easily pulled loose. Rope round the arm depends on whether the player is wound on the right hand or left hand. Turns round up to the players to keep players comfortable with the rope circumference. Girth straps are usually self-inflicted.

The second method is done by making turns on the little finger of the player. Selection pinkie either the right or left depending on the player. Ring at the end of the string to be inserted in the little finger to the next player will last rope is wound on the palm of the hand. Usually this means a lot of players who have been doing this way was because the string will be longer and produce a stronger grip on the top. To simplify the neck circumference at the top, the player must throw all the rope in the left arm a few centimeters (cm) to facilitate the players to detect moisture, tenderness and tension straps. After the roll top made, the string will wound on the arm or hand until the expiry of the site to facilitate the task of lifting or vertical placenta.

Top wind

There are two ways of spinning wind in the usual practice, the wind in the first arm and then wrapped around the top. Another way is as practiced by traditional top players of wind on tree tops with wood binding that turns into more streamlined to produce a long round. All tops will be ensured shoulder wound, pumpkin and pataknya so in a level, if not flat pumpkin shape, work must be done to hone leveled, tapping or rubbing with glass paper. For menghasilakan strong grip will sweep the top players usually starch in the shoulder tops.

For wind, the top must be held with the left hand and right hand are ready to wind. Left thumb is used to press the signs on the neck tops. Girth straps on top are fighting clockwise and rope shall be strictly and strong. Circumference of the second and third to be done as the first turns. Circumference in turn must always hit the shoulder tops to get the circumference of a neat, compact and evaporated. During the taping, make sure the rope does not overlap or intersect. If this happens, the tops will borot and endanger everyone.

Rotating top

There are various styles in turn tops. Rotating the right manner will result in a vertical round, powerful, swiftly and permanently. To produce this kind of round, steps should be arranged in a proper manner so as not to fall on your top, swipe or borot. Generally there are two types of commonly practiced round, the round and round retractable pull cart. To round pull carts, to be held on your top and swung back. Concurrent with the eyes should be focused on the target in front. Should always be on your top position during this movement. While swinging, spinning must be in a position to escort arrived at the front top, then top solidified before being released. Low body position and foot must be not far from the target to be rotated. Players must follow the swing arm swing tops and body bent about 45 degrees. Round style is quite low and close.

For retractable lap, lap style produces a vertical round, spinning and strong. The player holds the top to the upright position, the top head up and lifted high. Hand position about 30 degrees above the arm. Hand swing you towards the target with a vertical top position until it forward, before being released. After spinning anchored to the ground, a little snap is and make sure it is in a vertical position. If not will bend and lap tops will be less swiftly. Tops lifted at shoulder before being released.

Memangkah top

A cross is a significant movement in the top games. Concentration, attention and should be accurate swing top target so will result in a spinning placenta, upright and strong. Tedapat four ticking style commonly used by players in any tournament, the full-blooded cross, cross-impact, cross flying and cross cut.

Full-blooded cross

Done ticking up close and bent down to players. Then top level must be at shoulder and elbow, hand par with pemangkah shoulder. The target also is on the pumpkin, head or shoulder tops. Ticking aims to drive opponents out of the ring spinning. If using a relatively heavy top, ticking this type are not compatible. High-shaped tops are perfect with this kind of ticking.

Cross shock

To do cross shock, the body should be upright pemangkah. Hands are placed vertically on top, holding the head in an upright. Tops upright and strong swings towards the target. This swing will be released to the left or right side pemangkah. The target is at the head, pumpkin or shoulder tops. If the right of the target, the effect is very significant because it can break the top opponents. That is why the normal ticking exercise is not recommended. The right kind of tops to do cross shock is berembang top and flat top. Ticking aims disabling and damaging the opponents top.

Flying cross

Pemangkah body position must be upright. Hands are to be upright on the head by holding the top vertically. Tops swing you towards the target with powerful, fast and strong. This ticking often produce a spinning round and straight out of the goal after a cross. This is kind of ticking target the shoulder, pumpkin, head or neck tops.

Cross cut

Ticking is aimed at producing top opponents away from the target and it is also a long-distance ticking. To produce a strong ticking, must cross the vertical position. Pemangkah tops are on top of pumpkin with axes simultaneous opponents to reach the earth. Tops most suitable for this purpose is collapsible awning tops, cape and top concord top because of their weight and square.

Lift top

Once the tops turned or crossed, it should also be lifted to a suitable site placenta to ensure that keligatannya preserved. Lifting tops require skill, patience and efficiency.

Before tops lifted, the player must first determine the direction of rotation and wriggle top position. Determine wriggle wriggle or position means finding the lowest round of the earth Patak. This is the lowest part of which will be lifted. The direction of rotation must be determined to suit the direction of rotation when carrying top weight. Lifting is done by using the top rope and cokok. Cokok used to top a flat shape and weight. Current top position should be in the appointed to be lifted upright as if it will affect the tilted position keligatan tops. Rope used to lift the top must be firm and when to be prevented from Patak lift rope touched as this will reduce keligatan.

West Chants

West chants Kelantan is a presentation delivered in groups. Each group usually headed by a Plumber nonsense and Champions Village.

Tok honcho and Champion will lead singing while exchanging poem and crew followed by a voice with a strong and loud voice.

More information about western chants
Chants West is a traditional game most favored by the Malays in Kelantan. It exists among ordinary people in villages and suburban village. In the West Dikir presentation there was a group led by a Plumber nonsense and Champions Village. They will respond with a ridiculous counter - followed by your poem you a voice with a strong and loud voice.

West chants can be presented as entertainment or even contested. The game is usually played by the community in the rice harvest and also at the wedding. Competition is usually held by local youth associations, government bodies or certain people to collect money.

Chants West is a new game when compared to other traditional theater. Insuperable development because they often receive gifts form changes from time to time according to the times.

Dikir word is the result of two Dikir combination of art and poem or chants and nonsense. Meaning of "Superstitious" from the term itself is nonsense poem or poetic form. So Dikir West, Dikir Nonsense, Dikir Dikir poem and poetry are the same means. However, in Manitoba it is better known in the West and South Dikir Thai with Dikir Nonsense.